Nattokinase has been clinically described as a subtilisin-like (bacterial) serine protease. Serine proteases are enzymes that digest or dissolve proteins. Bacterial (subtilisn) serine proteases have the same mechanism of action as those of mammals but differ in structure. Several clotting factors are serine proteases such as thrombin and plasmin. As a type of serine protease, nattokinase has a similar effect as plasmin, in dissolving clots by breaking down the proteins in fibrin and increasing the concentration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). In dissolving clots on vessel walls, nattokinase supports maintaining the integrity of the blood vessels.
A blood clot forms when blood platelets, fibrinogen and red blood cells aggregate in the presence of clotting factors. A blood clot, or thrombus, serves as a plug to heal an injury such as a cut. Internally, blood clots aid in blood vessel repair. A embolus forms when part of a thrombus becomes mobile and migrates to another part of the body through the blood vessels such as the heart or brain and blocks circulation. Plasmin is the enzyme that breaks down a blood clot (i.e., fibrinolysis).
From: http://www.aminophenol.net/BOCAminomethylesters/157/
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